LITERARY ELEMENTS #15 TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD

Literary Elements #15 Ch 24-25 To Kill a Mockingbird    Name: ____

Metaphor - A comparison that does not use "like" or "as." Ex.  The road was a ribbon of moonlight.
Simile - A comparison using "like" or "as." Ex. Her voice sounds like an angel’s.
Personification - Giving an animal, object, or idea human characteristics or personality.   Ex.  My car stubbornly refused to start today.
Allusion - A reference in literature to a famous person, place, or event.
Hyperbole – An exaggeration or overstatement.  Example: I was so embarrassed I could have died.
Euphemism – Substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.
Irony – When the opposite of what you would expect happens.
Colloquialism - regional or cultural saying
Foreshadowing – The author gives a hint of what is to come later in the story.

1.     1.    On page 228, what is ironic about this passage?  “…I heard Mrs. Grace Merriweather giving a report …on the squalid lives of the Mrunas.  ..they put their women out in huts when their time came whatever that was; they had no sense of family—I knew that ‘d distress Aunty—they subjected children to terrible ordeals when they were thirteen; they were crawling with yaws and earworms; they chewed up and spat out the bark of a tree into a communal pot and then got drunk on it.  Immediately thereafter, the ladies adjourned for refreshments. 

2. On page 230, find a metaphor for Miss Stephanie Crawford. 

What do you think her purpose was in saying, “Why shoot, I thought you wanted to be a lawyer, you’re already commenced going to court!”

           

3.  On page 230, find a simile that describes Mrs. Merriweather’s voice.

4.  On page 231, what is ironic about this statement that Mrs. Merriweather made:  “If we just let  them know we forgive ‘em , that we’ve forgotten it, then this whole thing will blow over.”

5. On page 233, Mrs. Merriweather is saying “…some good but misguided people in this town…think they’re doing right…but all they did was stir ‘em up.”  Who is she talking about? Why does  Miss Maudie interrupt with, “His food doesn’t stick going down, does it?”

6. On p. 234-235 we learn that Atticus has come home early from the office.  What’s wrong?   

           

7.  Why did Tom try to get away when he was in the exercise yard?  Why didn’t he wait for Atticus to appeal his case? 

8.  On page 236, what point is Aunt Alexandra making about the ladies at her tea party when she says, “What else do they want from him, Maudie?  …They’re perfectly willing to let him wreck his health doing what they’re afraid to do themselves—it might lose ‘em a nickel.  They’re perfectly willing to let him wreck his health doing what they’re afraid to do… “

9. On page 237, Scout seems to have a different attitude about her Aunt Alexandra.  What does Scout say and do at the end of the chapter that indicates this change of attitude? 

10. On page 238-9, Jem tells Scout not to squash a caterpillar because “…they don’t bother you.”    Scout says,  “Jem was the one who was getting more like a girl every day, not I.”
What literary element is this an example of?

11.  On page 240, find a simile that refers to what happened to Helen Robinson when she heard the news about her husband.

12.  On page 240, what was the reaction of the people of Maycomb to the news of Tom’s death? 

What is wrong with the way they think?

13. On page 241, find a second reference to the title of this book. 

What was the first reference to it?

14. On page 241, find a metaphor that refers to Miss Stephanie Crawford.

15.  On page 241, find a metaphor for Mr. Ewell.      
     What does that expression mean?

     What literary element is this?  “Mr. Ewell said it made one down and about two more to go.”

CARTOON COMICS

Using Quotations in Text

1.     Choose a Sunday comic from the box (or find one online). Tell the story of the comic and put the words spoken in quotations marks.  Follow the rules below, and look at the example provided..  

2.     You will be working on this assignment for 2 days.  

3.     “C” contract should do 2 comics,   “B” do 4, and “A” do  6 over the next two days.  You may do more for extra credit.

  4.  Indent a new paragraph with each change of speaker.
               

RULES FOR USING QUOTATION MARKS:

  1.        1.  Describe what’s happening in the story.  Make up names if you don’t know who the characters are in the cartoon.

  2.        2.  Set off the words of the speaker with quotations marks (The words in the conversation bubbles.)

  4.        3.  Periods go INSIDE the quotation marks at the end of quotes.

  5.        4.  Use explanatory words with quotes to indicate who is talking.

  6.        5.  Thoughts go in quotation marks, too.

  8.        6.  The reader should be able to understand the cartoon by reading your version.

  9.        7.  Don’t forget to start with the TITLE of the comic and it’s number.

Example of a Dilbert Comic:


                                                                  Dilbert

     While Bob was walking down the hall at work, he heard his boss trying to talk on his cell phone but the connection was bad.  The boss was saying, “Hello. Hello."
     “Let me see that.  I’m an engineer,” said Bob.  After taking the phone from his boss, Bob said, “Hmm…it might be a bad signal or may be a bad phone.  There’s only one way to isolate the problem.”  Bob handed the phone back to his boss and said, “Go up to the roof and see if you have reception there.”
     So, the boss went up on the roof of the building and tried to use his phone.  When it didn’t work, he said, “Dang. Nothing.”  Then, as the boss turned to go back into the building, he thought to himself, “Uh-oh.  The door is locked.  On other way to get down…No one can hear me yell and my phone doesn’t work.”  
     Then, he looked over the edge of the building and thought, “My only hope is to jump into that open garbage bin in the alley.
     “That’ll teach him to keep his battery charged,” said Bob to Dilbert.  Looking through the window, they were seeing their boss fall from the roof.

INTRO TO NATURAL RESOURCES LETTER FORMAT

Your Return Address Line 1
Your Return Address Line 2

Date (Month Day, Year) 2

Supt. Matt Grose 3
Superintendent of  Schools
ISD #317
PO Box 307
Deer River, MN  56636

Dear Mr. Grose: 4

Body Paragraph 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Body Paragraph 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Body Paragraph 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Closing (Sincerely...), 7

Signature 8

Your Name (Printed) 9
Your Title 

CONFUSED WORDS #1

PART ONE:  Erase the choice that doesn't belong there.  Leave the correct choice.

1. Teachers accept/except everyone.
2. I appreciate your advice/advise.
3. That drug has bad side effects/affects. Your attitude effects/affects mine.
4. I choose/chose the wrong answer.
5. Sam is going to the game, to/too.
6. I can’t find you’re/your sweater.
7. They’re/Their all working alone.
8. She through/threw it to home plate.
9. He is taller than/then Sam.
10. It’s really quiet/quite cold outside.
11. The dog chased its/it’s tail.
12. You are going to lose/loose your pants because they are too lose/loose.
13. Everything looks all right/alright to me.
14. I am all ready/already for the game tonight.
15. I hope we can altar/alter this dress so it fits.
16. That’s an altogether/all together different story.
17. The brakes/breaks on my car don’t work right.
18. The capital/capitol of Minnesota is St. Paul.
19. I need to wash the clothes/cloths in the hamper.
20. I am taking a Latin course/coarse.
21. Sue is on the Student Council/Counsel.
22. The camel crossed the desert/dessert, and his rider said,  “Please don’t desert/dessert me!
23. They were dressed formerly/formally for the prom.
24. It is always good to here/hear from you.
25. Led/Lead paint is dangerous.
26. You should forget the passed/past.
27. I would like a peace/piece of pie.
28. The plane/plain landed in the field.
29. Our principle/principal is Mrs. Cooney.
30. The sun shone/shown brightly.
31. I’m writing on stationary/stationery.
32. I don’t know whether/weather or not I’ll go.
33. Who’s/Whose dog is this?

PART TWO:  Directions:  Find and fix all the errors in using confused words in the paragraphs below. 

The counsel decided to keep the matter quite before they took a brake from their work.  It had become plane to all of them that there confidentiality would be necessary.  Why?  Because the news that they had discovered was worse then they had ever imagined possible.  After they had excepted that fact,  the chairman gave everyone some advise.  (Formally he had been known as a troublemaker that no one liked.  However, the council had all ready decided to follow his led, since the situation was so serious.) The chairman’s advice was that a private detective be hired.  The board excepted his council and quickly agreed.

          The room grew quiet.  Everyone was thinking to himself, “How had over $1,000,000 disappeared from the corporation’s accounts?  Of coarse, no one knew.  How could a company loose so much money overnight?  This was all together unheard of in the banking business.  If this information got too the news media, their would be no way to stop a scandal.  Only one man knew where the missing money was--Joseph Milborne.  He was a newcomer on the council, but he had all ready made a name for himself as a banking genius.  He choose to keep his mouth shut, and tried to appear calm.  Remembering the passed, he recalled how he had pulled off the perfect crime.  He could feel the sweat gathering under his cloths as the brilliant sun shown through the blinds.  Than, he felt more uncomfortable then ever as the chairman stared at him. 

          “Joe, since your an expert with our computer system, do you have any explanation for what has happened?” the chairman said.  “Is it possible that an outsider tapped into our accounts and altared them in some way?”

          Joe squirmed in his seat. He choose to speak slowly and cautiously.  “I here some say it is possible.”

          “Well,” said another, “I don’t see how that could happen.  Its impossible to brake our code without the password.”

          Joe felt like desserting the board room and heading out of town fast.  He all ready had the funds deposited in a Swiss bank account under a false name that only he could access.  “Their so stupid,” he thought to himself.  “There not even suspecting me.”  He’d be taking a plain to Switzerland that evening, and than their would be no stopping him.  The thought of having all that money to himself was having a peculiar affect upon Joe.  He was hoping he wouldn’t say something too strange or loose his head now that he was so close to being rich.  Perhaps the reason he felt no guilt was because he had never followed any ethical principals.           Than, Joe casually glanced threw the window at his new Mercedes in the parking lot below.  The whether promised to be clear tonight--perfect for flying.  Then he saw something that made him feel week.  “Whose messing with my car?” he wondered.  But it was to late.  Soon Joseph Milborne would be speaking to the police.  He’d be forced to answer some questions that were quiet difficult.

TIPS FOR REVISING YOUR ESSAY

Improving the Content 
of Your Essay

1.  Use the Thesaurus in your computer to improve your word choice. 
            Try to find better, more specific nouns, adjectives, and verbs.   First, highlight the word you want to change.  Then, right click and go to synonyms.
            Make sure the word you choose makes sense and is appropriate in your sentence.  If the word bank in the computer doesn’t offer choices, try using a dictionary or thesaurus on the cart.


2.  Vary your sentence structure. 
            Examine the way your sentences begin.  Do too many sentences start the same way?  Do they sound repetitive?  Combine short sentences into longer ones, or separate long, awkward sentences into two short ones.
                        Example:  Mary is my best friend.  She helps me with my homework.
                        Revised:  Mary, who is my best friend, helps me with my homework.
                        Revised:  Mary is one of my best friends because she helps me with my homework.
                        Revised:  Mary, my best friend, helps me with my homework.


3.  Add specific, vivid details to your sentences.
                        Original version:  The cow jumped over the moon.
                        Revised :  A black and white Holstein leaped over the silvery disk in the midnight sky.


4.  Delete unnecessary, dull, or repetitive information:
                        What is unclear or too vague to understand?
                        What’s boring or uninteresting to read?
                        What sounds repetitious?
           

5.  Get rid of cliches or overused expressions.  Say things in your own original way.                       
                        Original cliche:  She was as red as a beet.
                        Revised:  Her face flushed red with embarrassment.

                        Original cliche:  Joe was as mad as a hornet.
                        Revised:  Angry words came to Joe’s mind as he slammed the door in frustration.
                       

6.  Use figurative language (similes, metaphors, personification, etc.) when appropriate.
                        Original version:  I was really tired.
                        Using personification:  My feet stubbornly refused to move when I told them to.
                        Using a simile & metaphor:  My brain felt like a rusted out, old junker.  It just wouldn’t run.


CONTENT  guidelines =  Your content is graded on both quality (style, voice, word choice, creativity, etc) and quantity (the development of ideas and effort).  You should be aware of the following page guidelines.

                        Less than 21 minimum sentences = F (Unacceptable—you’ll get it back!)
                       
                        Develop your ideas with details and examples so that you have a 1.5 – 3  page essay
            

QUIZ CHAPTERS 19-20 TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD

CLICK HERE TO TAKE QUIZ CHAPTERS 19-21

LITERARY ELEMENTS #14 TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD

Literary Elements #14   Chapter 21-23  To Kill a Mockingbird   Name: ________

Metaphor - A comparison that does not use "like" or "as." Ex.  The road was a ribbon of moonlight.
Simile - A comparison using "like" or "as." Ex. Her voice sounds like an angel’s.
Personification - Giving an animal, object, or idea human characteristics or personality
Allusion - A reference in literature to a famous person, place, or event.
Hyperbole – An exaggeration or overstatement.  Example: He lost his head over her.
Euphemism – Substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered offensive.
Irony – When the opposite of what you would expect happens.
Colloquialism - regional or cultural saying
Foreshadowing – The author gives a hint of what is to come later in the story.

1.  What literary element is this?  Calpurnia marched us home: “—skin every one of you alive, the very idea, you children listenin’ to all that!  Mr. Jem, don’t you know better than to take your sister to that trial? Miss Alexandra’ll absolutely have a stroke of paralysis when she finds out!  Ain’t fitting for children to hear!” p207

2.  On page 207, Calpurnia says to Jem, “If Mr. Finch don’t wear you out, I will—get in that house, sir!”  Wear you out is a euphemism for?

3. On page 209, find an example of personification that refers to the old courthouse clock.


4.  On page 210 there is an extended metaphor.  Scout compares two situations—waiting for the jury to give the verdict and what other situation?


5.  On the bottom of page 210 and top of 211, what is the simile for the jury entering the courtroom?

6.  What literary element is this?  I saw something only a lawyer’s child would be expected to watch for and it was like watching Atticus walk into the street, raise a rifle to his shoulder and pull the trigger, but watching all the time knowing that the gun was empty.”  p.211

          What was wrong?

7.  On page 211, at the end of chapter 21, we learn that Tom was found guilty.  In spite of that verdict, what did all the black people in the balcony do when Atticus stood and walked out of the courtroom?
What was this a symbol of?

8. On page 212, Jem is distraught and crying because of the outcome of the trial.  Atticus and Alexandra are arguing.  What is their disagreement about?  


What does Atticus mean by this statement:  “We’ve made it this way for them, they might as well learn to cope with it.”

9.  On page 213, what is the response of the black community to Atticus’s efforts in court to defend Tom as best as he could?

          What literary element is that?

10.  On page 213, Miss Rachel says, “If a man like Atticus Finch wants to butt his head against a stone wall, it’s his head!”  What does this metaphor mean? 
11. On page 215, Dill and Scout each get a small cake of their own, but Miss Maudie cuts a slice from the big cake for Jem.  What does this symbolize?

12. On page 215, Jem explains how Maycomb used to feel safe to him.  What simile does he use? 


13. On page 216, Miss Maudie feels the town is making progress— “a baby step” (metaphor) for improvement.  Even though he lost the case, what was Atticus able to do that she sees as a hopeful sign?

14. The last paragraph in Chapter 22, p. 217 says:  “…this morning Mr. bob Ewell stopped Atticus on the post office corner, spat in his face, and told him he’d get him if it took the rest of his life.”  What literary element is this?

15. On page 218, guess the meaning of the underlined word based upon its context:
Atticus said, “What on earth could Ewell do to me?”
“Something furtive, Aunt Alexandra said, “You may count on that!”
“Nobody has much chance to be furtive in Maycomb,” Atticus answered. 

16.  Find a euphemism on page 219 that means Tom Robinson will receive the death penalty.

17. On page 220, find a metaphor that Atticus uses to describe anyone who would cheat a black man.

18. On page 222, Jem discovers it was one of the Cunninghams who wanted to acquit Tom Robinson and he kept the jury out for a long time.  Jem says, “One minute they’re tryin’ to kill him and the next they’re tryin’ to turn him loose.”  This is an example of ________.

19.  On page 227 at the end of Chapter 23, Jem says, “I think I’m beginning to understand why Boo Radley’s stayed shut up in the house all this time…it’s because he wants to stay inside.”  Why would Jem say that?  What has he learned from the outcome of the trial?

"HOW TO" PROCESS ESSAY

“How To” Essay – In a five paragraph essay, describe a process you know very well.  See the thesis statements below for a possible topic.

1.  Choose a thesis statement from the list.

2.  Make an outline, following the correct outline form. [See outline form below.]

3.  Write an introduction (at least 3 sentences).  Start with an attention getter.  Include your thesis statement as one of the sentences.

4.  Write at least three body paragraphs that are about 5+ sentences long.  Tell the process step by step.

5.  Write a conclusion that is about 3 sentences long.  Sum up your paper and restate your thesis in a different way. 

6.  Put your paper into a Word document after you write it on Evernote.  Double space it (highlight all, then control 2).  Under TOOLS do a spell check and grammar check.

7.  Have someone proofread your paper for you.  Then, fix your errors.

1.  Do you know how to babysit small children and live to tell about it?  (Mention at least 3 steps to successful babysitting.)

2.  If you want to be a safe driver, there are three basic steps to follow.

3.  If you are bored and dissatisfied with the world you live in, perhaps you should discover these three ways to “get more out of life.”

4.  There are three basic ways to improve your batting average.

5.  Do you know how to get along well with your parents?  You can if you learn to ________, ________, and _________.

6.  There are three basic steps to follow to overcme stress and anxiety in your life.

7.  Losing weight can be a real struggle, but it is possible to do if you _________, _______, and __________.

8.  You can learn how to water ski, even if you have never done it before, if you’ll follow these three steps.

9.  In order to say out of trouble in school, every student should _________, _______, and __________.

10.  Do you know the three basic steps in taking care of a new puppy?

11.  If you want to become popular in school, you must be sure to _________, _______, and __________.

12.  If you’re tired of looking like a weakling, follow these three steps to body building.

13.  Do you know how to get organized ans stop being a slob?  You can if you _________, _______, and __________.

14.  There are three basics to solving a conflict or argument with a friend or family member.

15.  Do you know the basic steps in howto get along with your little brother or sister?  They are _________, _______, and __________.

16.  There are three basic steps to follow when you ar trying to get your parents to trust you again—after you’ve blown it.

17.  Here are three simple tips to follow if you want to get on the honor roll at school.

18.  Write your own thesis statement!

 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                  TITLE OF “HOW TO” ESSAY

Thesis:  Write your thesis statement here.

I.  INTRODUCTION

II. The first step...(finish this sentence)

     A. Supporting idea

     B. Supporting idea

     C. Supporting idea

     D. Supporting idea

     E. Closing sentence

III.   The next step in …(finish this sentence)

     A. Supporting idea

     B. Supporting idea

     C. Supporting idea

     D. Supporting idea

     E. Closing sentence

IV.     The last step...(finish this sentence)

     A. Supporting idea

     B. Supporting idea

     C. Supporting idea

     D. Supporting idea

     E. Closing sentence

V.  CONCLUSION

LITERARY ELEMENTS #13

Literary Elements #13  Ch 19 – 20  To Kill a Mockingbird        Name: ________

Metaphor - A comparison that does not use "like" or "as." Ex.  The road was a ribbon of moonlight.
Simile - A comparison using "like" or "as."
Personification - Giving an animal, object, or idea human characteristics or personality
Allusion - A reference in literature to a famous person, place, or event.
Hyperbole – An exaggeration or overstatement. 
Euphemism – Substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.
Irony – When the opposite of what you would expect happens.
Colloquialism - regional or cultural saying
Foreshadowing – The author gives a hint of what is to come later in the story.

1. On page 191, what do you notice about Tom Robinson’s testimony that does not agree with Mayella Ewell’s? 

2.  On page 191, Scout says Mayella Ewell must have been the loneliest person in the world.  To whom does she compare Mayella’s loneliness to? 

          In what ways are these two alike?
                     

3.  Find a simile on page 192 that tells how Mayella Ewell viewed Tom Robinson because he had embarrassed her.

4. What is so important about the fact that according to Tom Robinson, Mayella had sent the children to town for ice cream?  

     What could have been done to prove the truth of this statement? P. 193

5. Why does Judge Taylor become so angry when Link Deas, Tom Robinson’s employer, tells everyone in court that Tom was a good worker?  P. 195

6. On page 195, find a metaphor that describes Judge Taylor and how he looks at Atticus after Link Deas made his comment.   
 

7. On page 197-198, Tom Robinson answers Mr. Gilmer, the opposing attorney, by saying, “…I don’t say she’s lying, Mr. Gilmer.  I say she is mistaken in her mind.”
What is the difference?

8. On p. 198, why does Scout have to take Dill outside?  What bothered Dill so much?


9. On page 201, Scout says, “I never encountered a being who deliberately perpetrated fraud against himself.”  She was referring to Dolphus Raymond .  What did she mean?

10.  On page 201, what do you think this colloquialism means?  “…your pa’s not a run-of-the-mill man…” 

11. On page 201, Scout says she was “…Between two fires.”  What does this metaphor mean? 

12.  On page 202, Jems says this about the trial:  “He’s just gone over the evidence and we’re gonna win, Scout.  I don’t see how we can’t.”  What do you suppose the author is trying to tell the reader by making that statement?

           

13. On page 202, Atticus did something he had never done before in court.  What was it that he did?

       What does that action symbolize? 

14.   On page 203, in his summary speech before the jury, Atticus says Mayella accused Tom because “…She must destroy the evidence of her offense.”  What was Mayella Ewell’s offense in the eyes of Maycomb?

15. Why would Mayella want harm to come to Tom Robinson if he was the only man who had ever been kind to her?

16. Find an allusion to a famous piece of historical literature on page 205. 

17.  What’s the point of the last sentence in chapter 20, page 206? 

“We followed his finger with sinking hearts.  Calpurnia was making her way up the middle aisle, walking straight toward Atticus.” 

QUIZ CHAPTERS 16-18 TO KILL A MOCKINGBIRD

QUIZ CHAP 16-18 TKAM

DESCRIBE A PLACE OUTLINE AND ESSAY

 DESCRIBE A PLACE essay

Step 1: Make an outline for a DESCRIBE A PLACE essay. (Monday)

Step 2:  In Evernote, write a 5+ paragraph essay based upon the outline you made.  Be as descriptive and detailed as possible. (Tues & Wed.)

Step 3: Put your essay into a Word document, double space it, and run the spelling and grammar check before you print it. (Thursday)

Step 4:  Peer Review - Have at least one other student help you revise and improve your essay. (Thursday)

Sample topics for the Describe a Place essay:

One unusual hole at a golf course

Main street during the Wild Rice Festival

Highway #2 on fishing openers

A Valleyfair ride

Your car or truck

Deer Lake swimming beach

Your favorite booth in a restaurant

A classroom 

Possible Thesis statements:

My favorite place is ____________ because _____________.

One place I really hate to visit is ___________.

truly unique place I love to visit is _____________.

__________ is really a very unusual, interesting place.

You can’t imagine what it’s like to visit _________________.

If you need three body paragraphs and don’t know where to start, consider these three subheadings:

Describe it physically

Describe the activities that go on there

Describe how it makes you feel

Use at least one example of simile, metaphor, or personification and underline it in your essay!

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

                                           TITLE OF ESSAY

Thesis:  Write your thesis statement here.

I.  INTRODUCTION

II. Write your first topic sentence here.

     A. Supporting sentence

     B.  Supporting sentence

     C.  Supporting sentence

     D.  Supporting sentence

     E.  Closing  or transition sentence

III. Write your second topic sentence here.

     A. Supporting sentence

     B.  Supporting sentence

     C.  Supporting sentence

     D.  Supporting sentence

     E.  Closing  or transition sentence

IV. Write your third topic sentence here.

     A. Supporting sentence

     B.  Supporting sentence

     C.  Supporting sentence

     D.  Supporting sentence

     E.  Closing  or transition sentence

V.  CONCLUSION

LITERARY ELEMENTS #12 To Kill a Mockingbird

Literary Elements #12, Chapter 17 – 18 To Kill a Mockingbird  Name: _________

Metaphor - A comparison that does not use "like" or "as." Ex.  The road was a ribbon of moonlight.
Simile - A comparison using "like" or "as." Ex. Her voice sounds like an angel’s.
Irony – When the opposite of what you would expect happens.
Foreshadowing – The author gives a hint of what is to come later in the story.

1.  During the trial, Atticus cross-examines the sheriff, Heck Tate.  What information comes out about Mayella Ewell’s injuries?  P. 167

2. What two literary elements are in this passage?  Page 169  “With his infinite capacity for calming turbulent seas, he (Atticus) could make a rape case as dry as a sermon. 
What do these phrases mean?

3. On page 169-170 find a metaphor that refers to Robert E. Lee Ewell, Mayella’s father. 

4. On page 170 find a simile that refers to the Ewell yard. 

5. On page 172, find a simile that describes what Bob Ewell heard on the night of November 21^st.   

6.  On pages 172-174, Bob Ewell gives his testimony in court.  Judge Taylor becomes very upset with Ewell because of his choice of words.  What do you think Bob Ewell is deliberately trying to do as he answers the questions?

                    

7. After reading the description of Bob Ewell’s property near the dump, why is this statement of his ironic?  “Jedge, I’ve asked this county for fifteen years to clean out that nest down yonder, they’re dangerous to live around ‘sides devaluin’ my property—”   [What is Ewell referring to?  What literary element is it?]

8. Find a metaphor for Bob Ewell on p. 176. 

9. On page 177 find a simile that indicates how Judge Taylor stared at Bob Ewell as he wrote his name on the back of the envelope Atticus had given him.

10.  Why did Atticus ask Bob Ewell to write his name?  Page 178   

11.  On page 181, find a simile that describes the way Mayella was during her testimony. 

12.  On page 182, what was ironic about Mayella’s complaint against Atticus? (She said he was sassing her.”  What did he do to upset her? 

           

13.  Let’s look at the evidence we know so far in these two chapters.  Atticus is building a case that shows  either Bob and Mayella Ewell are lying or there is no proof the alleged rape even happened.  What are some things he has shown?  See pages 167, 168, 178, 179, 181,

Page 167?

Page 168?

Evidence on page 178?

          Page 179? What kind of girl was Mayella?

On page 185, what evidence is there that Mayella is lying?

     On page 186, what evidence is revealed about Tom Robinson?

17.  On page 188 Mayella Ewell makes her final speech during the trial.  What do you think was the purpose behind what she said?

18.  Who do you think will be Atticus’s next and only witness for the defense?  Page 189